Efficiency vs. Effectiveness: Defining the Difference

Almost every organization, be it a corporation, non-profit or government strives to be more effective and more efficient. Organizations often make important strategic and operational decisions based on how different alternatives will increase or decrease efficiency or effectiveness. But many organizations and managers struggle to understand the difference between efficiency and effectiveness and often get â€Å"wrapped around the axle† debating semantics rather than actually evaluating the alternatives at hand.These concepts are often used interchangeably and with little consistency, and in some cases improvements to efficiency or effectiveness can appear to be interdependent. For example, an organization that is seeking to invest in its call center would likely face alternatives that would deliver both increased efficiency and effectiveness improvements.Implementing an automated call distribution system can reduce resolution time and allow lower staffing levels in the call ce nter, delivering against the efficiency criteria. Alternatively, providing call center operators better insight into customer profiles can promote cross selling and allow agents to identify and satisfy unmet customer needs. This alternative addresses the effectiveness criteria. Projects typically favor one criteria or the other, but they are not always mutually exclusive.Investments can occasionally deliver on both the efficiency and effectiveness criteria, these (rare) projects allow an organization to do more with less. An example of this type of project is a transaction system that provides better customer analytics and increases productivity. However, in those cases where a project is touted as impacting both criteria it is important to ask critical questions to ensure outcomes are not being confused.For example, if an organization invests in automated sales reporting solution expecting an increase in efficiency and effectiveness, the solution may simply replace a manual process with an automated one, improving only efficiency. If the solution does not provide additional data or insight it is not likely to drive revenue growth, or effectiveness. More consistent application of these definitions should help align expectations around outcomes of your most important decisions. For more information contact:Ted Schneider Principal, SwitchPoint LLC [email  protected] Brian Leslie Principal, SwitchPoint LLC [email  protected] Increases Efficiency Improves Effectiveness Definition Allows organizations to do the same amount of work with fewer resourcesAllows organizations to generate higher revenues, independent of resources requiredExamplesï‚ § Automation of manual processes ï‚ § Organizational restructuring / outsourcing ï‚ § Expansion of online presence ï‚ § Increased insight into customer behavior / preferences

Account Receivable and Dealer Information System

Chapter 1 Introduction I- Project Context Andi’s Fashion Boutique is a small shop that sells Fashionable clothes and retail shop. The Andi’s Fashion Boutique located at Sitio Tampoco Barangay Matatalaib in Tarlac City. The Area of Andi’s Fashion Boutique was in a public place at the front of the Magic Star grocery in Matatalaib Based. It was also a lots of different Business located near the Andi’s Fashion Boutique like Drugstore, Beauty Salon and Food House. It was the only boutique in the area. The Andi’s Fashion Boutique started in year of 2010 at month of May. When the Business started, they only sell products of Sundance, Avon and Natasha. The business arises in one year, and earn some Capital, from that Capital they maintain and add different kinds of apparel until they selling Shoes, Bags, Cosmetic and became a distributor of Avon, Boardwalk, Natasha, Sundance, MSE, FX, Hang-ten, Tupper Ware and personal collection. The Andi’s Fashion Boutique came from the Names of a married couples namely Mary Anne Arciaga as registered business owner. Mary Anne Arciaga has the idea to be independent is business. He’s lovable husband named Dennis Marcelo was her business partner for the reason that they have the knowledge and idea to start a small business as well as their service of income. The company needs to standardize certain rules and regulation regarding business. How they wished they could manage every single task a company must do for the sake of their dues business became complicated with large number of works to monitor on sales, collection, reports, and accounts. Such problem affected the company’s customer service commitments and caused low productivity and profit levels. The need to increase manpower certainly will affect income and complicate the company’s operation. Updating reports have wasted time and effort with the use of personnel’s operation. The Company’s need to keep certain information about dealers they must monitor due and overdue accounts and minimize payments delinquencies in order to maintain good customer service and management to personnel relationship. The delays incurred by the company in processing overdue accounts in the conventional way affecting accomplishment of other task like concentrating on increased production. Computers have been around for many decades, but few companies realize what computers are capable of doing. The only things they know about computers is that, they can store and retrieve data on its faster than a secretary can. They never realize that it can perform a lot of things more than savings and open files. They never knew what with it; they could develop a system exclusive for a certain task and may be customized in accordance to their preferences. With these in mind, the company indeed needs a totally reliable computerized system to backup its personnel in order to facilitate smooth flow of transaction faster than they may ever imagined and capable of performing delicate task. A system greatly diminishes delays in monitoring company progress An Account Receivable system to specify. II- Purpose and Description The company needs to develop their transaction processing system, when it comes to their accounts receivable how they wish they could manage every single task a company must do for the sake of their dues business became complicated with large number of works to monitor on sales, collection, reports, and accounts, such problems affected the company’s customer service commitments and caused low, productivity and profit levels. The need to increase manpower certainly will affect income and complicate the company’s operation. The company’s need to keep creation information about dealers they must monitor due and overdue accounts and minimize payments delinquencies in order to maintain good customer service and management to personal relationship. The delay incurred by the company in processing overdue account in the conventional way affecting accomplishment of other task like concentrating on increase production. Computers nowadays have been around for many decades, but few companies realize what computers are capable of doing the only things they never realize that it can perform a lot of things more than saving and opening files. They never know what with it; they could develop a system exclusive. With these in mind the company indeed needs a totally reliable computerized Accounts Receivable System in order to facilitate smooth flow of transaction faster that they may ever imagine and capable to performing delicate task. A system gently diminishes delays in monitoring company progress and Accounts Receivable System to specify. III- Objectives The study aim to provide a system concerning the company problem regarding preparation of on Account Receivable, reducing in collectible accounts, which in turn minimize company losses Moreover, it specifically aims to: 1. 1 Implement a system that can help minimize bad debts or uncollectible accounts considered as losses for the company. 1. 2 Provide a system that will generate reports in a timely manner. . 3 Implement a system that can analyze aspiring dealers and helps decision making of initial credit limit. 1. 4 Implement an Accounts Receivable System that can monitor user login for security purpose. IV- Scope and Delimitations The proposed system is concentrated on the account receivable processing of Andi’s fashion boutique. It will provide automatic computation for rebates, penalties, credits and balances; also it will automatically update due dat es and overdue, and it can generate reports in a timely manner. The proposed system will not cover the Inventory, Accounts Payable, Sales cover, Sales information, and Networking setup for networking purposes. Chapter 2 Related Studies and Literature This chapter presents a brief overview of related literature and studies, and information from electronic resources that were gathered by the researcher that found relevant of this study. After some reading made by the researchers, the following literature and related studies were found related to the study. 2. 1 Related Studies Every business will have an entry on its balance sheet labeled ‘accounts receivable’. This entry is the sum of money owed to the business by individuals or other businesses in return for goods or services supplied. On the whole, in the retail sector, the financial transaction is completed at the point of purchase and accounts receivable are not created. There are exceptions to this general rule, of course. However, in the business world it is usual to extend credit to customers – and it is these credit accounts that form the basis of the accounts receivable figure shown on the balance sheet for the supplier. Credit terms should be clearly defined so both customer and supplier can budget and comply but it is when these credit terms are exceeded by customers that the accounts receivable turn into bad debts and problems arise. Aging receivables are great consumers of resource. They steal time away from other functions, as telephone calls need to be made and letters written to chase payment. They can destroy the supplying company’s credit rating if it becomes unable to meet its own financial obligations because of a lack of positive cash flow caused by aging receivables. The best possible way to avoid problems with debtors is to have clear credit control policies in place. Checks need to be made on potential clients before credit is extended and debts need to be chased, politely but persistently, before they become bad debts. In many cases these two simple actions can minimize the potential for bad debt problems. Despite the best efforts of the most rigorous of credit controllers, there will always be the persistent late or nonpayer’s non payers hem stronger tactics are needed. This is where a relationship with one of the account receivable collection companies comes in useful. West Asset Management offers collection services for both commercial and consumer debts. Working with account receivable collection companies is viewed in different ways by different organizations. For some it is the first step in the credit enforcement process. These businesses take a no-nonsense approach to collections and will send in what are effectively the Big Guns straight away. Others will not engage professional collection services until they have exhausted all possibilities of collecting the outstanding debt with their own resources. The services of a debt collection agency are usually required to extract funds from those who have never had any intention of paying for the goods and services they have received. In the cases of a genuine inability to pay, utilizing such tactics tends to be self-defeating and the likelihood of a successful conclusion to such cases is increased if things can remain amicable. There can be reluctance on the part of organizations to call in collection services for a commercial debt as this action usual ends the trading relationship for good. But, in truth, a non-paying trading relationship really is not worth having. Reputable collection services act within the law governing debt collection. They are persistent and determined to retrieve funds for their clients and manage to achieve this whilst leaving their client’s reputation intact A connotation of quality control of accounts receivable Quality refers to the accounts receivable into the quality of the currency that is a manifestation of accounts receivable liquidity. Quality monitoring accounts receivable, accounts receivable are the right company to evaluate the quality of control, so that their accounts receivable maintained at a reasonable level, which for the enterprises to expand business scale, increase sales and market share have great facilitating role. Monitoring the quality of the implementation of accounts receivable and establish a sound internal control system that is able to monitor and restrict scientific and effective accounts receivable in all aspects so as to ensure full and timely recovery of accounts receivable. Quality control of the content of accounts receivable, including credit policy formulation, the occurrence of credit, collections, risk early warning and other. Accounts Receivable Establishment of Quality Control System   1. 1 The accounts receivable system for quality control of the organization     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. 1. 1 Production Department to continuously carry out product, competitive advantage to produce products on the market for sales departments to pursue the initiative. In order to build their products a competitive advantage, the production sector in the technical specifications, design, performance, use, etc. to make vigorous efforts to make the company's products over other similar products on the market is more advanced and economy, so as to better to meet customer needs. 1. 1. 2 Sales General sales to go through to accept customer orders for credit approval of credit, according to sales of single-supply, according to sales of a single shipment of goods to the customer billing record to accept customer orders, recording sales and recovery of such processes. The one hand, sales to the corporate credit department to ensure that a reasonable solutions to meet customer demand, the other hand, the internal assessment mechanism should be established to change the past, a single evaluation method, so that recovery of accounts receivable as sales assessment is an important indicator, so that to complete the sale of receivables and personal income tied up, and personal income-related, strengthen, awareness. 1. 1. 3 Credit department Credit management department sales department and finance department of the bridge, its basic functions include the establishment of customer credit files, managing customer credit, conduct  analysis, customer’s credit limit, the implementation of accounts receivable supervision. 1. 1. 4 Financial sector is mainly responsible for the daily management of accounts receivable, accounts receivable ledger by customer set up, establish accounts receivable on a regular basis reporting system to form a regular basis with the occasional reconciliation system. Finance Department to change after the account of the situation, change from passive to active, full play to their accounting and oversight functions; and accountants should strengthen vocational study to understand the operation of the enterprise business processes. The management of the company set the appropriate service control points. department should take the initiative to communicate with the business sector, an accurate picture of the situation and then carry out the accounting and ensure accounts are, for the accounts receivable management. 1. . 5 audit department Audit departments in the accounts receivable management, the supervisory role is mainly reflected in two aspects: first is to continuously improve the monitoring system to improve the accounts receivable control system; the second is to check the accounts receivable monitoring implementation of the system to check whether the abnormal phenomenon of accounts receivable, with or without a significant error, negligen ce, internal fraud, intentionally fails to recover the accounts and so on, to ensure the recovery of accounts receivable. . 2 The accounts receivable system of quality control methods     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. 2. 1 Quantitative Methods Primarily used for quality control of accounts receivable. These indicators include: solvency indicators, operational capacity indicators, profitability indicators, cash flow targets. The use of these indicators, companies can monitor the  situation, to understand and monitor the quality of accounts receivable. 2. 2. 2 Non-quantitative methods Accounts receivable of non-quantitative method of quality control is mainly the work of law PDCA cycle. PDCA cycle in accordance with  methods of the overall management of accounts receivable should be controlled in advance (Plan), to control the things (Do), after the control (Check) and feedback control (Action) 4 links to dynamically conduct accounts receivable management, and comprehensively improve the quality of accounts receivable management. 2. 2 Related Literature The following section present the different studies and actual application related to the research project being conducted by the researchers. Various innovations have been in existence, all for getting along with the trends of modern technology as a viable means to increase profit and to improve customer service. 2. 2. 1 Foreign studies Accounts Receivable System Published: 2010. 03. 04 As the central financial receivable system for the campus, Billing and Accounts Receivable (BAR) is available to all departments that have accounts in the UCLA accounting system. (BAR)Billing and Accounts Receivable allows campus departments to post charges for services or merchandise provided to both student and non-student customers. All charges and related payments are recorded in the BAR system, and BAR performs the accounting for all transactions using the accrual accounting method. Payments are applied to delinquent fees and collection cost charges first, then to the oldest unpaid charge. Student BAR Bills Students receive a monthly BAR bill, which is a statement of account that provides charge and payment details posted to their account during the prior month. Charges include the quarterly registration fee assessments and various other charges such as Instructional Enhancement Initiative (IEI) fees, residence hall telephone usage, College Library Instructional Computing Commons (CLICC) charges, and Student Health charges among others. Student statements are presented electronically as a bill online through the University Records System Access (URSA). In addition to fees, BAR reflects credits posted to a student's account, such as financial aid, waivers, and cash, credit card payments. Non-Student BAR Bills Non-students receive a paper invoice each month. The BAR invoice provides charge and payment detail posted to their account during the prior month. Charges represent services rendered or merchandise provided on credit. BAR does not provide non-students with an electronic version of the invoice Performance evaluation and ratio analysis of Pharmaceutical Company in Bangladesh University essay from Hogskolan Vast/Institutionen for ekonomi och informatik; Hogskolan Vast/Institutionen for ekonomi och informatik Author: Hossan Faruk, Ahsan Habib [2010] The thesis applies performance evaluation of pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh. It means evaluate how well the company performs. The main aim is achieved through ratio analysis of two pharmaceutical (Beximco and Square pharmaceutical) companies in Bangladesh. The main data collection from the annual financial reports on Beximco and square pharmaceutical companies in 2007 to 2008. Different financial ratio are evaluated such liquidity ratios, asset management ratios, profitability ratios, market value ratios, debt management ratios and finally measure the best performance between two companies. The mathematical calculation was establish for ratio analysis between two companies from 2007-2008. It is most important factors for performance evaluation. The graphical analysis and comparisons are applies between two companies for measurement of all types of financial ratio analysis. Liquidity ratio is conveying the ability to repay short-term creditors and it total cash. It determines perform of short term creditor of both pharmaceutical companies under the three categories such as current ratio, quick ratio and cash ratio. Asset management ratio is measurement how to effectively a company to use and controls its assets. It’s also quantify into seven categories for both pharmaceutical companies such as account receivable turnover, average collection period, inventory turnover, account payable turnover ,account payable turnover in days ,fixed asset turnover ,total asset turnover. Profitability ratio is evaluate how well a company is performing by analyzing and how profit was earned relative to sales, total assets and net worth for both pharmaceutical companies. Debt coverage ratio is performing that the property insufficient to collect their mortgage for both companies and market value is perform the stockholder to analysis their future market value of the stock market. Overall analyses are measurement the best one between Beximco and Square pharmaceutical companies. Relationship between the profitability and working capital policy of Swedish companies University essay from Umea universitet/Handelshogskolan vid Umea universitet; Umea universitet/Handelshogskolan vid Umea universitet Author: Ali Wajahat, Syed Hammad Ul Hassan {2010} Over the years there has been a big debate on the effect of working capital policy on the profitability. Few researchers argue that working capital is just an idle resource with high cost and low benefit associated with it so, companies should follow zero working capital policy but such a policy is very risky because it reduces the liquidity and it might leads to a default. Other researchers support companies to have a working capital policy because they believe that proper management of components of working capital can balance cost and benefits of the company and it will reduce the risk of default by raising the level of liquidity. Companies can choose among three different types of working capital. aggressive, conservative and moderate but their choice depends on their desire level of liquidity and risk. Researchers realize the importance of the topic and lot of research has been carried out all over the world especially in developing countries like Pakistan, India, and Taiwan. Despite the importance of topic we were unable to find any research carried out in Sweden or in any other Scandinavian country. So, this study is conducted with the purpose to explore the relationship between working capital policy and profitability of Swedish firms. Furthermore this study also investigates the nature of relationship between working capital policy and component of cash conversion cycle. For the purpose of our study we used the sample of 37 listed companies in the OMX Stockholm stock exchange over the period of five years (2004-2008). The study has been conducted in a natural environment and it follows the explanatory research strategy. Moreover it is a quantitative study which follows the deductive approach and it is longitudinal in nature. We used GOP as a measure to profitability and CCC is used as a gauge to measure the aggressiveness of working capital policy. We used the secondary data, which has been extracted from the annual financial reports of the companies, to calculate the GOP, financial debt, firm size, fixed financial asset, component of CCC and CCC. In this study, six regressions were run on 185 observations in SPSS software. In each regression analysis dependent variable (GOP), independent variable firm size, financial debt ratio, and fixed financial asset ratio remains the same but independent variable CCCS, CCCA, CCCD, day’s inventory held, days account receivable and days account payable replace each other. The reason for this replacement of independent variables is to find out that how CCC and component of CCC affects the GOP. The result of regression analysis shows that managers can’t change the level of profitability by adopting any of the working capital policy i. e. there exist no relationship between working capital policy and profitability. Furthermore profitability is directly associated with days inventory held and days account payable but it is in inverse relation with days account receivables. 2. 2. 2 Local studies Notably, student information system or SIS incurs such application software designed for educational establishments to manage student data. Student information systems provide capabilities for entering student test and other assessment scores, building student schedules, tracking student attendance as well as managing many other student-related data needs within the institution university. Thus, many of these systems applied in the Philippines can be scaled to different levels of activity and can be configured by their home institutions to meet local needs. Moreover, before universities have created their own bespoke student record systems, but with growing complexity in the business of educational establishments, organizations now choose to buy customizable within the shelf software. It can be that, modern student information systems are usually server-based, with the application residing on central computer erver and are being accessed by client applications at various places within and even outside the school. During the year 1990s, student information systems have been changing and are fast adopted through the presence of a web medium as a channel for accessing SIS without any hassle upon viewing student details and information. Ideally, educational institutions are under constant pressure to demonstrate both willingness and capacity to incorporate the latest devel opments in student information systems along with communications technology supporting various teaching ways. As Liao et al. , (2007) asserts that SIS process within such technological sophistication does create precise knowledge edge, that such SIS application can be appealing to students and to the academic faculty as well as the parents. Thus, believing that technology is the repository of the bulk of the information that underpins society’s major enterprises and concerns and the medium of communication through which SIS interact with one another. Furthermore, SIS is transforming educational tactics understandings and school practices in relation to system information and to be able to assist better communication ground through SIS execution, as found within the heart of learning mechanisms (Liao et al. , 2007). SIS as of today is changing what people is learning upon such as with the burgeoning of the Internet, the control exercised in the past by the Philippines from various departments of education and by individual teachers over pedagogical content may have diminished significantly. Through this new informative medium, resources of varying quality and provenance on virtually diverse subject matter are now available to the students. The amount of material available from unaccredited sources is cause of considerable concern to many educators, brought up them into a more integrated student information system such as those found and applied in the University of the Philippines as well as those within the grounds of Ateneo Integrated school wherein SIS processes of were truly understood and realized by the institutions’ education system. Even within academic disciplines there has already been a shift in the importance accorded to the traditional forms of published knowledge, refereed and refined through well accepted but often painfully attenuated process. In such cases there has been movement towards the more rapid electronic dissemination of findings and opinions albeit in a less polished form, depending more on the judgment of the individual reader han on the processes of SIS effectiveness as implied for validation and verification of student resources (Fyffe and Walter, 2005)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The strong implication for education is that skills in effective online searching should occupy more value and more important place within the education curriculum at all levels wherein the adaptation of SIS is most valued for academe effectiveness. From the perspective of the individual student, SIS incorporates enormously increased potential for representing and manipulating information in range of structured education paradigms and strategic study forms as appropriate for a justifiable application of diverse learning styles. Furthermore, the student information systems do provides greater range of ways through which learners can express their knowledge, including the publication of multimedia presentations to the world at large through the Internet. Aside, some of the information system know-how needs that certain students must grapple with inclusion to discovering how to complete comprehensive reviews of the such research studies, learning how to evaluate sources within the context of their projects, and properly citing and including these sources within their theses or dissertations (Perrett, 2004). Then, because the SIS process is typically completed early into students’ school career and encapsulates each of the facets of knowledge built up and literacy value, including learning what type of SIS is available, finding and accessing system sequence, evaluating tools for the information and then synthesizing the student information system into certain end product for a better career patterns as it seemed like the ideal project to focus SIS and relate it to ample literacy instruction around. While the students had all performed database searches before, they were less likely to have taken advantage of the search management tools available to them through educational databases, how to set up automatic searches to help streamline the research process (Fyffe and Walter, 2005). Like for example, there discusses the benefits of using such bibliographic management software system in order to help illustrate more sophisticated ways of organizing their research. Before the students came to the workshop, they were asked them to fill out brief pre-assessment surveys designed to provide acceptable profile details including their year in school, whether or not they were pursuing their college degree and possible departmental affiliation. Thus, pointing towards SIS within the knowledge of education services as utilized that include databases used and whether or not students were familiar with curriculum software packages (Perrett, 2004). Truly, it is crucial for the advancement of informative research within composed disciplines and the continued successful integration of SIS as applied in the Philippine setting with resources to higher education systems determining that certain group of students can acquire and gain effective knowledge literacy skills through the SIS process and understanding the value of education services crafted to provide best teachings as possible (Belle and Boote, 2004). Then, for SIS assumption, there is a need to engage students with academic assessment such as upon helping students start thinking about what they would like to learn with regards to a better research investigation and knowing what the gaps in students’ understanding might be. Also, encourage the use of SIS in parallel to active learning style which allows students to interact with their classmates and does help the instructor facilitate an enhanced learning experience through SIS application mode and to finally emphasize the value of making   student information connection with a subject teacher for instance geared upon for in-depth education success (Ewald, 2006). (2001) pointed out that the Philippines employed a unique strategy in carrying out the work in audiovisual (AV) archiving. In the absence of an operational AV archives in the country, most of the activities of institutions with AV archive holdings such as the Philippine Information Agency, the UP Film Center, the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Mowelfund, etc. , are informally being coordinated by a professional body composed of â€Å"archivists† working in the different institutions involved in archiving. It should be noted though that during the early 1980’s, the Philippines had a national film archive that was fully operational in the real sense of the word. After the 1986 Edsa Revolution, the archive received the least priority and was transferred to the Censors Body. No archiving activity was carried out by this unit since then. The various tasks involved in AV archiving rested on the shoulders of related agencies, not by their own chose but by necessity required of their work. AV archiving activities were separately being undertaken. The turning point came when the Cultural Center of the Philippines, which wanted to organize a Lino Brocka Retrospective, discovered that many of the Brocka films, particularly those hat were significant, were already destroyed. Some of the surviving prints were brought to the Philippine Information Agency for restoration. With no previous experience on cases of this nature, PIA had to turn to other agencies for materials that could be used as reference for the work. The UP Film Center, with its contacts with international organizations and as a recipient of several fellowship awards from UNESCO, provided PIA a copy of the International Federation of Film Archives (FIAF) Manual. This was the first inter-institutional contact in the country that proved to be significant as it eventually led to a formal partnership among the archivists from these institutions in what was to become later as the Society of Film Archivists (SOFIA). The Society of Film Archivists (SOFIA) was formally organized in July, 1993 out of need and in compliance with the recommendation of the ASEAN Planning Workshop Meeting on Film Retrieval, Restoration and Archiving, which the Philippines organized in February, 1996. SOFIA’s membership is made up of individual AV archivists working in cultural organizations, information agencies, broadcasting and academic institutions, film production companies, and film critics. The role of SOFIA in the development of the AV archiving profession in the country is one that has been evolving over time. At the beginning, SOFIA served as a venue for exchanging knowledge and skills. As such, the kinds of projects undertaken during this stage were mostly training programs. Later, SOFIA became an informal coordinating body for activities undertaken by the different institutions involved in archiving. These projects were implemented by institutions as part of their in-house programs and according to what these institutions can do best. This enabled the different institutions to avoid duplication of efforts and therefore saved on scarce national resources. Presently, SOFIA’s role has evolved into that of a mobilize and an advocate for the setting up of a central body that would formally be recognized by the government and supported by the public sector. The effectiveness of this model in the Philippines could be better appreciated in the context of the prevailing situation operating at the time SOFIA was born and the commitment of the members to pursue the work. Prevailing conditions that were considered important that helped bring about the results were the following: a) a clear vision of what was needed. These involved knowing where we were, where we want to go and how to get there; b) the emergence of a Steering Group at the initial stage. This role was assumed by the Philippine Information Agency. Through its work requirement and involvement in ASEAN, PIA initiated projects on the national and regional levels that brought critical agencies together, identified local partners such as the Cultural Center of the Philippines, the UP Film Center, etc. , to assist in implementing the program, and identify succeeding steps to build on previous accomplishments; c) empowerment of the identified partners. This involved getting the partners committed to assume the responsibility of carrying out the work when the agencies involved in AV archiving decided to bond together through SOFIA and initiated and sustained programs and projects for AV archiving as a group or individually in coordination with each other, empowerment of the identified partners had set in; and d) utilization of advocacy techniques that were found effective. Apart from the traditional tools for promotion such as the media, SOFIA used techniques such as requesting the President of the Republic of the Philippines to issue an executive order declaring a week in a year as AV Archiving Week, among others. Organizing international conferences also helped generate interest on the issues. Chapter 3 Methods of Research oing this research is kind of like being a treasure-hunter, researching out clues here and there that finally leads to the treasure –the needed to information. This chapter presents the different research methods, which will be use to design and develop the system. The nature of the research problem and the purpose of the study help determine the research methods to be used. It shows the different data gathering techniques to supplement the research methods. 3. 1 Research Method The research methods that could be used in developing the Account Receivable and Dealer Information System may vary from one study to another because of the integration of hardware materials and programming skills. To achieve the desired and necessary output, research models and methods must carefully design. This helps conceive and practically analyze how the project will look like. In some aspects, combination of various methods could be made in order to grasp the purpose of the study. 3. 1. 1 Descripted Method

Interface Design Examples Search based on Heuristics 3 Assignment

Interface Design Examples Search based on Heuristics 3 - Assignment Example The image below shows what the iTunes interface looks at the terms that are used are common users. The user has the freedom to choose and move away from the mistake they might have done. There should be navigation buttons like undo that will enable the users to get away from the mistakes that they have done. The figure below shows word processing of Apple. Users should not be left to wonder if some change in the wording of common interface means the use of that interface has changed. The conventions that are used by the platform should remain the same. It should not be changed. The figure in this example shows different words that are used in Gmail. The system should help users in doing away with an error that might occur if a certain action is taken. An example is the Yammer website where the user is to update information on the website. After the user has updated the information, the button on the Update page is disabled so that an error is not made in subsequent updates (Papp 74). The need for users to recall should be minimized as much as possible. The memory of the users should be spared. The users should not remember information from the first part of the process. An example is coding. The user should type ahead when coding and all the information that user needs will pop up. This is common in Quanta IDE (Papp 82). There should be actions that will help in the process of interaction between the user and the system. This should be common for both the novice and the experienced user. The users should be allowed to tailor actions which are frequent. An example is an Apple spreadsheet product. It has shortcuts that help users to get information quickly. There should be good and appealing design of the site. There should not be too much design elements in the site. Dialogue boxes should not have information which is not needed in the suite. The Kontain

Lean Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Lean Management - Essay Example This may further impact on growing economic aspirations of developed and developing countries, which will require fewer resources that create less environmental pollution and greenhouse gases. At the same time, these improvements in production and logistics have given consumers a growing range of higher quality products at lower prices through many different sales channels. Federal Express' originally thought of delivering packages within 24-hours and they did. In 1983, Lens Crafters followed suit by assembling eyeglasses in one hour. Dell computers maintains it market share and profit level even when the competition is very stiff by made-to-order computers in a very short time. What is common in all of these entities The answer is Lean and its application in their respective organization. Add nothing but value (Eliminate Waste). In Lean, it is a primary task to determine what adds value and what activities add value to a product. Then, one will be able to determine the essentials of an activity and reduce or eliminate waste. Unfortunately in any organization, nobody wants to admit that his or her job is sometimes just waste. Breakthroughs are recognized upon recognition of waste. If an activity or cost does not add value, then it should be considered as waste or if an activity; or cost can be forgone with, then it is waste. Taiichi Ohno, the executive of Toyota Production System identified several sources of waste in a manufacturing industry: Overproduction, Inventory, Extra Processing Steps, Motion, Defects, Waiting, and Transportation. Center on the people who add value. Organizations would not admit that their own people are waste at times, unless they are asked which of their employees or system adds value to their output. Unless they can identify areas where people become the value-adding system in the work place, they will not know which is essential and which is waste. The criteria to determine the people who do the work that add value: Resources, Information, Process Design Authority, and Organizational Energy. Usually in a manufacturing entity, the design of tasks is divided to the unskilled worker doing the routine tasks (manual) and the managers doing the production tasks like planning, forecasting and so on. When problems arise, the task of solving lies on the managers and not on the frontline workers who knew what went wrong. This is due to the fact that these workers are not tasked, encouraged and even involved on these matters of production dilemma. They simply asked to keep or maintain the production quota. Womack (1990) stated that a truly lean organization transfers the maximum number of tasks and responsibilities to the workers who add value and place a system for detecting or recognizing defects. In this way, it empowers people to add value to their work. It reorients human resources to become a flow of value and not a functional expert. In the production of Toyota cars, the management figured out how to reduce multiple stamping and create a

Should fighting be banned from hockey Explain your reasoning Essay

Should fighting be banned from hockey Explain your reasoning - Essay Example Recently NHL has been banning fights, but as said earlier, the fights remain to be a main attraction in hockey games. While the NHL does not necessarily approve of the violence in the game, there are some unwritten rules in hockey and most of them have something to do with fighting. On the other side of the coin there are also written rules when playing hockey, and some of it are (McNaughton 1): 1) not being the third man in; 2) not leaving the bench to join the fight and 3) dropping of gloves and stick if someone intends to enter into an altercation. There are definitely penalties for getting into fights like being ejected or suspended; and all players must adhere to the rules or they are subjected to additional penalties which are generally known as misconducts. Another article claims that hockey fighting should not be banned in the game because hockey is a physical sport and things are expected to get rough now and again. But nobody likes to see a player get seriously hurt during or after a brawl (Ruth 1). Revising the rule calls for imposing correct restrictions that if a player gets out of line or intentionally hurts another player, then â€Å"he must be put in his proper place.† John Buccigross says he finds it hard to believe that hockey fans merely go to the games and watch it because of the expected fights, which if they do happen is usually short lived (1). He goes on to suggest that to avoid head and face injuries, hockey players should wear full facial protective gears. Buccigross also pointed out that enforcers within the games are needed to protect the star players who play in order to win the game. He likewise states that even if the NHL bans fighting in the games, there would still be fights due to the tensions and expectation of the players. Rick Sadowski of Rocky Mountain News similarly commented that there will always be fighting in hockey games even if the league officials impose sanctions like automatic

Scientific Advancement in the 20th Century Essay

Scientific Advancement in the 20th Century - Essay Example Instead of analyzing the problem on scientific basis, they have adhered to their timeworn ideologies with a practical surrender to the materialistic values in vogue. Even the torchbearers, the so-called intellectuals and modern scholars of any religion pretend to be abreast with the modern scientific thought have given in to the onslaught of modern sciences and in secret depths of their hearts feel nervous how to defend their position. They are doing more harms than good by defending their post with archaic weapons. Like the case of William James in his "Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature" wrote: Failure, then, failure! So the world stamps us at every turn. We strew it with our blunders, our misdeeds, our lost opportunities, with all the memorials of our inadequacy to our vocation. And with what a damning emphasis does it then blot us out! No easy fine, no mere apology or formal expiation, will satisfy the world's demands, but every pound of flesh exacted is soaked with all its blood. The subtlest forms of suffering known to man are connected with the poisonous humiliations incidental to these results. And they are pivotal human experiences. A process so ubiquitous and everlasting is evidently an integral part of life. 'There is indeed one element in human destiny,' Robert Louis Stevenson writes, 'that not blindness itself can controvert. Whatever else we are intended to do, we are not intended to succeed; failure is the fate allotted.' And our nature being thus rooted in failure, is it any wonder that theologians should have held it to be essential, and thought that only th rough the personal experience of humiliation which it engenders the deeper sense of life's significance is reached (Varieties, p. 138) The main reason of this fall to dishonor and disdain, is the writer's indifference towards scientific disciplines. It has put among the tail-enders in the world. An in-depth inquiry of human history reveals that our forefathers disseminated thought and philosophy to the whole world and founded numerous scientific disciplines. Had our forefathers not accomplished their pioneer work in the field of empirical sciences, the contemporary scientific disciplines could never have developed into their present status. They dawned in the words of William James and others1 with wisdom on the Western thoughts and drowned in murk and darkness of ignorance. This philosophy amply fled on our illuminating heredity. And we spared everything witlessly. The science is advancing by leaps and bounds. As shown in the William work, he was rightly proud of his superior evolutionary status among the comity of nations. As he keep the poor and the deprived dependent and subdued, he also intended to see the other religions under their subjugating authority. His philosophical thought and civilization is eating up geographical distances and the world spread over millions of miles has been reduced to Global village. Owing to scientific progress, deserts are being transformed into meadows and fertile fields. The mineral wealth is drawn to one feet. Scientific knowledge has enabled to bring all the natural sources under human control and consumption. This is, however, tragic to note that his scientific approaches are adamantly bent upon keeping the backward nations dependent and subdued. In this regards, the minorities are well-defined target. Like

Public Policy & Government Regulation in Global Management Research Paper

Public Policy & Government Regulation in Global Management - Research Paper Example Energy is the heart of global warming. The production of electricity using fossil fuel is one of the prime reasons for the increase in global temperature. Global warming is likely to lead to a fall in demand for the hitting energy and increase the demand for cooling energy. The production of energy is likely to be halted by the increasing temperatures and a shortage of water supply. Energy production and distribution systems may get exposed to the rise in sea levels. Climate changes can affect some renewable energy resources in the nation.  Sea Level rise, as well as storms, would increase the risk of major impacts. Flooding resulting from the increasing downpour would increase the risk of disruptions and delay in rail, air and road transportation. The rise in heat might limit transportation operation and lead too pavement and truck damage. Some corps show good responses to lofty carbon dioxide and low levels of warming. Extreme circumstances such as drought and downpour would redu ce crop yields. Also, diseases, pets, and insects get benefited from warming. Global warming has affected the factors that control the decomposition and growth. Vast amounts of the shift have been seen in the timing of animal migration. Deserts and dry-lands are likely to become a lot drier.  Global warming has an increased risk of deaths and illness due to the extreme heat. Global warming would make it more challenging for the health authorities to meet the air quality standards. Children and old are likely to be most vulnerable.

The relationship between iron and zinc status and treatment of ADHD Essay

The relationship between iron and zinc status and treatment of ADHD (subject to modification) - Essay Example Diagnosis is therefore rather subjective and obtaining epidemiological data is cumbersome. Co-morbidities are often present and these make diagnosis even more difficult (Rowland, Lesesne et al. 2002). Despite these limitations, there are valid data that suggest that ADHD seems to have a higher rate of occurrence in white children than in black children in the USA (1.7% to 4.4% in 1997) according to treatment records obtained by physicians. (Olfson, Gameroff et al. 2003). Also, the national epidemiological survey in UK showed a lower prevalence of ADHD in black children than in white children (0.4% to 1.6%) (Meltzer, Gatward et al. 2000). There is the postulation that cases of ADHD in black children could possibly have been under-diagnosed in these societies simply because black families possibly lack access to health facilities due to poorer economic status. This argument may not be valid considering that even higher access to facilities by black families have not resulted in increas ed diagnosis of cases of ADHD in them. Moreover, the U.K epidemiological survey cuts across racial and socioeconomic barriers. ... The ADHD Help-Seeking model is a basis of understanding factors that are predictive of service access and utilization, with a view to using such understanding to break the barrier to service utilization in ADHD treatment (Eiraldi, Mazzuca et al. 2006). The model proposes that for effective treatment, there must first be problem identification on the part of the affected, and then the decision to seek help must follow. Also, service selection and service access by the affected are integral parts of the model pathway. It is believed that through its predictive nature, the model will provide answers to various questions regarding disparities in access to healthcare by various ethnic and racial groups. (Eiraldi, Mazzuca et al. 2006). The model however needs to be made stronger by reconstructing it on factors that are less general and are more specific for affected groups, so that individual needs could be more effectively met (Eiraldi, Mazzuca et al. 2006). Cultural influences could play a very significant role in the Teacher and Parent Ratings across cultural divides (Olfson, Gameroff et al. 2003). The prevalence rates for ADHD from 1997-2001 among African American, Hispanic and White children (6-11 years old) were obtained using a National Health Interview Survey. Information was obtained from parents about health and socio-demographic characteristics of their children. Drug therapy history was taken. Again, White children were found to have the highest rate of ADHD than any other ethnic group, though occurrence of learning disability was higher in the African American and Hispanic children. About 1% of Hispanic children were reported to have ADHD without LD, against 4% white children. Compared to white children, the percentage of

Art Appreciation Essay Example for Free

Art Appreciation Essay Ancient art is art from cultures of ancient societies such as China, Rome, Greece and Egypt and most of these types of art shows gods, goddesses and pharaohs. The Egyptian art work is usually clear and simple that is put together with simple lines and flat areas of color that show order and balance. Most of the art from china show religious rituals and geomancy and it also shows continuity between ancient and modern times. Greek art has a lot of pottery, sculpture and architecture art and are will known for its standing figures. Roman art seems to show beauty and nobility with an expression of life-like qualities. The first painting is by Lorenzo Lotto and is called Venus and Cupid and is oil on canvas painting and shows Venus sitting on a dark blue satin cloth with her weight resting on her arm. Her color is a pretty off white with a ribbon around her chest called diaphanous stophein which is worn by new brides. There is a brown shell hanging above her head which represents her birth from the sea and the flowers shown on the bottom half of her body represent a symbol of love. The head dress she is wearing is decorated with gems and pearls that rest perfectly on her red hair. She is holding a wreath with incense burning while cupid is peeing through the wreath towards her. Cupid is a short figure with wings on his back with brown curly hair with a devilish look upon his face. The room has red cloth drape upon the back wall that accent the painting with all the other colors in harmony. This artist was portraying love and marriage and the room was more than likely a bride’s chamber in this two dememenional piece of art and is representational of sexuality, vitality and happiness. This piece could be a little controversial and is truly in the eyes of the beholder. Cupid and Venus. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. wtfarthistory. com The second painting is by Paul Gauguin which is oil on canvas painting with stretch wood and is called Ia Orana Maria (Hail Mary) which was inspired by Polynesian religious beliefs and is of an angel who revealed Mary and Jesus who are Tahitian to two other Tahitian women. Mary is wearing a red dress with flowers and Jesus is sitting on her shoulders naked and the two of them seem to have a halo around their heads. The other two women are shown looking at Mary and Jesus with wraps around their lower bodies and the upper half is exposing their breast. The painting have a jungle like atmophere with flowering trees and a dark blue path and emerald green with the foreground and bananas of the left of Mary. This two demensional piece is representational of religion, mystery and revelation and of the Tahitian culture. This piece is very colorful with reds, blues, greens and yellows that come together beautifully.

Psychology and Theology Essay Example for Free

Psychology and Theology Essay 1. My personal experience involves a combination of secular and religious study in the area of counseling.   This experience and education has led to a conclusion that although there are a number of opposing factors in the beliefs and theories used in both, the two are neither completely oppositional to each other nor mutually exclusive.   In many ways the views and methods of both can be combined to make a very effective counseling technique and a well rounded counselor (McMinn, 1996). Secular counseling has numerous theories on how people learn and that the ways they learn affect the methods needed to modify negative behaviors.    These techniques can work to some degree, such as offering a dollar for getting an A on a paper.   Children then become more motivated to get A’s.   These techniques often fail to create long term results however, as people often get tired and the excitement of the reward fades.   They then go back to old ways.   When the eternal rewards of spiritual counseling are added, however, the motivation for long term behavior change becomes much more long term. The two methods of counseling differ most greatly in life’s focus.   Secular counseling teaches that a strong sense of self will solve all problems, where as religious counseling teaches to focus everything around God and the problems will diminish (Kajer, 2006).   These can however be combined with the focus on God, while still encouraging the person to forgive himself and be comfortable with himself as the person God created.   This keeps the focus where it belongs while helping the person recognize himself as a creation from God. I have learned to find a combination of these views by realizing why secular counseling often fails, and realizing that although a person needs to be humble he still needs to respect what is God’s creation and take care of it. 2. All human beings have sinned, but not all of psychology is sinful or thinking  about humans as sinful.   Psychology is about the study of human behavior and because much of human behavior especially that requiring counseling is sinful, there is a degree of sin involved.   This does not make psychology sinful.   There are many psychologists and secular counselors with spiritual views and backgrounds.   Most of them are bound by legalities and job guidelines to keep the spiritual aspect of counseling out of the job, but not only because they are sinful humans or because they are thinking about sinful humans. Many of the theorists in psychology have developed theories that contradict many Biblical teachings, the most notable one being self actualization.   In this theory, the person’s main goal is to reach the perfect self at which time he has reached the ultimate existence. This additionally is based on the theory that human beings are inherently good and not evil and can naturally distinguish between right and wrong (Management, 2005). Obviously this kind of thinking is sinful as spiritual people are supposed to strive to be closer to God and to live according to his will in order to reach the ultimate existence. If a counselor can balance the basic idea of psychology (the study of human behavior) and the theological values, there is no reason psychology should be considered a sinful study or practice.   It does focus on the behavior of humans and how to change deviant behavior to make it more positive.   It is based on discovering how people learn and then taking that knowledge to help modify behavior.   It only becomes a sinful practice when those studying or teaching it contradict God’s teachings. 3. My goal as a counselor should be to help minimize the pain and negative  effects of suffering and to help prevent as many future problems as possible.   In order for a counselor to continue to function and perform the job successfully, it is important to remember and understand that there is no way to prevent every cause of pain and heal all suffering.   There is no way to completely take away the pain a child feels after losing a parent or prevent an accident from happening.   It would not be realistic for any counselor to think it is possible or even ideal to keep all pain from happening. People are allowed to suffer disappointments, set backs and losses in order for them to learn from them (Gress, 2007).   If   everything worked out exactly as people wanted them to and there were never any disappointments the world would be filled with a bunch of spoiled adults, who were unable to appreciate anything. Counselors who go into the profession with the belief they can solve every problem and make everyone’s pain completely go away are setting themselves up for failure and disappointment, because they are expecting to accomplish the impossible.   Those who set the realistic goals of providing comfort, minimizing grieving, speeding emotional healing, and modifying behavior when needed are the counselors most likely to stay in the field long term.   The ones who hope to solve everyone’s problems have a tendency to take the problems upon themselves and â€Å"burn out† relatively soon.   Counselors need to focus on the most significant problem for each person and work on one thing at a time. 4. The subject of a healthy sense of self is one major difference between  psychology and theology.   Both views involve people who are happy, and focused on a goal, but the views differ greatly in the center of the focus. Many psychological theories focus on making people feel good about themselves and then everything else in the world will fall into place.   In this case a healthy sense of self is essentially a â€Å"puffed up self†, or a person who thinks of himself as the most important person in the world and can do no wrong.   This involves making the person become the center of his Universe. The Biblical view of a healthy sense of self places God in the proper place as the center of man’s universe and when the focus is on God, everything else falls into place.   This requires the person to learn humility and to give God his proper credit for the role he plays in a person’s life.   The view here is that when a person is focused on living life for God, he will be happy and comforted in the knowledge that he is putting forth his best effort for God. A person with a true healthy sense of self would be a person who values himself as a creation of God and a worker for him.   This is a person who knows his place in the world, yet places the focus of the world on God.   As the person strives to be more like God, he appreciates what God has provided him and uses the talents God has given him.   This person is happy and well adjusted to the world around him.   He knows his talents and his mission and uses them to grow closer to God. This description of a healthy sense of self tends to lean more towards the Biblical view, but does place value on the person and God’s creation and teaches the person to have respect for himself.   This is consistent with God’s teaching that the body is his temple and that people need to care for their bodies and respect them. 5. Scripture can provide answers to essentially any problem that is faced by  people.   Verses that say â€Å"through God all things are possible† or â€Å"I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me† (NIV) provide people with the knowledge that they do not have to face problems alone and that there is hope.  Ã‚   When a counselor is allowed to use scripture and the hope it provides, the counselor has a great deal more comforting hope to provide the person who is suffering. The instruction and guidance provided by scripture can provide the counselor with a great deal of information and guidance to help the counselee though most of life’s situations.   It additionally provides more appropriate alternatives to deviant behavior and provides people with ways to resist the temptation of falling back into old unhealthy habits.   In more extreme cases the Bible can show examples of what has happened to people who could not change behavior or are unable to turn problems over to God. In addition to providing the counselor with the most powerful tool available, it can provide a source of comfort and hope for the counselor as well.   When a counselor begins to feel overwhelmed or helpless, the same verses that provide comfort to the counselees facing crisis can provide renewed strength and hope for the counselor. Scripture provides the hope, answers, and promises to help people overcome the greatest obstacles, but they need to follow the directions and examples the Bible provides. 6. Most secular counseling jobs do not allow counselors to use scripture or express their personal religious beliefs to counselees.   The purpose of this is to avoid pressuring people into complying with beliefs that go against their religious beliefs.   In the United States people do have the right of religious freedom.   The rights of others have to be respected by the counselor.   Using prayer in these settings could cause the counselor to lose his job, or the counselee could lose respect for the professionalism of the counselor. Religious counselors have more freedom in this area due to the fact that they are counseling in a spiritual based setting.   When people seek the help of these counselors, they know they are going to a person who uses the Bible as a reference and a basis for the counseling.   Payer is more accepted and sometimes expected in these counseling settings and can be very helpful with counselees who need the hope and guidance of God (Goliath, 2007). A counselor with a new counselee should ask the person if they would like to pray,   this provides the counselee the option of being prayed for if they would like it.   For those who do not feel comfortable with prayer or would not take the prayer seriously additionally have the option of passing on it. The counselor can pray for those who choose against prayer when the session is over.   During the private times of prayer the counselor can ask for guidance to help the person not only overcome the crisis, but to grow more comfortable with prayer and asking God for his help.   Everyone needs prayer, but if a person prefers private prayer or has different beliefs than the counselor, it can either cause the counselee to not return or can cause a setback in the counseling process.   Counselees need to feel comfortable during counseling sessions in order for progress to be made. 6. Sin is often the source of the problems for which people seek counseling.   In  order for the situation to be resolved and the person to get past it, the sin has to at some point be confronted.   The problem is how a counselor should go about confronting the sin.   If the sin is confronted before the counselee is willing to admit that sin is the cause of the problem, there is a chance he will leave and the problem will not get resolved.   If the counselor however spends too much time making the counselee comfortable and avoiding the issue, the sin will not be likely to be confronted and the situation still stands the chance of not getting resolved. In the very first session, the counselor needs to get a back ground of why the counselee has either sought or been referred for counseling.   One of the best ways to do this is to ask him.   Along with this is a good time to ask if there was any sin involved that needs to be forgiven.   If he is able to state the sin and talk about it then the sin should be confronted and resolved very early in the counseling.   Then healing can begin quickly. If the person denies sin as playing a part in the situation, then the instigating situation needs to be discussed in greater detail and possible reasons behind that including sin pointed out.   Once the person is able to understand there is sin in his life, then is the best time to talk about ways to have the sins forgiven both by God and anyone who was sinned against. The best way to confront sin is to ask questions and to provide guidance as  needed.   Direct confrontation often leads people to be offended and shut down, but  questions can lead them to discover the problem on their own.   Although it is never easy to confront someone on sin, a counselor or church leader must do it in order to help those in need overcome the sin (Adams, 1980)

Travel Behavior And Travel Motivation

Travel Behavior And Travel Motivation Krobeber develops a related decision making model. Within this model, he claims that the tourist behaviour is determined by three elements: travel perception, travel attitude and travel motivation. He further suggests that there are two level influences. The first level influence of Krobeber (1996, cited from Zhong, Zhang, Yang and Guo 2007) can be affected from internal factors such as personal psychological factor and the second level influence comes from external social factors such as family background or group influence. Travel motivation The main contributions regarding motivation is the Maslows hierarchy of needs model (Maslow 1970), the escape or seek model (Iso-Ahola 1982; Ross and Iso-Ahola 1991) and the push and pull method (Crompton 1979). Mill and Morrison (1985) argues that travel motivations fit into Maslows hierarchical needs namely, physiological, safety, belonging, self-esteem and self-actualization. Also they identified two other needs: aesthetics and knowledge. The human needs physiological, safety/security and belonging/love were categorized as tension-reducing, while the self-esteem, self-actualization, acquiring knowledge and aesthetic as inductive arousal-seeking motives (Figure 2.1) Figure 2.1 Travel/tourism motivations Source: (Awaritefe 2004, p. 306) Motivation is one of variables that can explain tourist behavior; it is regarded as one of the most important variables (Baloglu and Uysal 1996). There are many of researches assure that travel decision making is best explained and predicted by the push and pull approach include Backman, Backman, Uysal and Sunshine 1995; Baloglu and Uysal 1996; Ercan, Uysal and Yoshioka 2003. Crompton (1979) explains that motivation is a necessary and important force behind all behavior. People travel because they are pushed and pulled to do so by motivational factors (Baloglu and Uysal 1996). Push motivation is related to the decision, whether to go, and pull motivation addresses the question of where to go (Klenosky 2002). Crompton (1979) used unstructured in-depth interviews and explored push motivation and pull motivation, he summarizes that push is socio-psychological motives that activate people to travel and pull is cultural motives that attract people to a particular destination. Traditionally, the push motivations have been thought useful for explaining the desire for travel while the pull motivations have been thought useful for explaining the actual destination choice (Crompton 1979). According to Ross and Iso-Ahola (1991), push motivation can be considered as psychological factor and pull motivation is physical factor. These two factors can influence travel decisions and leisure engagements. Jang and Cai (2002) point that push refers to the internal facto rs that drive individuals to travel and pull is concerned about the external factors that determine where, when, and how they travel. Kim (2008) addresses that the push factor can be considered as to travel by intangible factors such as escape, relax, exploration) and pull factor is to decide destinations by tangible factors such as attractions, facilities. Motivation as one of the most important theories, it is recognized the key of the success of travel market. Iso-Ahola (1982) observes that people take part in various leisure and travel activities due to their own need. Tourist motivation is associated with individuals desires for achieving various purposes through travel (Kim and Beck 2009). Furthermore, studies of tourist motivation can assist destination managers to understand how well the destination characteristics fit the needs of the travelers (Goeldner Ritchie, 2006) and design tourism products and services containing tourist needs. Destination choice and selection 2.3.1 Influential factors to make tourism decision Once the decision made to start tourism, the decision maker is in front of many questions, such like where to travel, whom to travel with and how to travel. In general, this is a process to collect, organize and assess the information (Liu, 2008). 2.3.1.1 Environmental perception Environment perception refers to the tourism information rooted in mind, the old information and collected information. In general, this is the whole impression for the travelling. The potential tourists would be influenced by the environment perception. Though there might be some very significant tourist destinations, the tourists will not go the famous places that have no impression in their mind and perception. That is what we called environmental perception. Environmental perception mainly include first, the popularity of tourist, which is the first impression of the tourism destination, the tourist will neglect other same destinations; second is tourism distance, the influential factor to the decision is the imaginary distance, not the real distance of the destination. The imaginary distance is made of unreal distance, and time cost, money cost, and energy. 2.3.1.2 Principle of maximum benefit Principle of maximum benefit refers to the tourists will get the best enjoyment within certain budget during the tourism. Tourists will think it over before making a decision to travel. The main principles of maximum benefit are: The minimum time on tourism, it means that the decision to travel will be made according to time spending on it, if the time spending is less than a level, then the decision will be made. Tourists are in favor of less time spending on the travelling. Second is the popularity of tourism destination. The tourism destinations with higher popularity are more attractive, and tourists have gained more information though tourism. Meanwhile, the tourism destination, which has different culture, will arouse the interest for tourism. Beside the two factors, there are other influential factors: best tourism destination, proper price and comfortable accommodation. 2.3.1.3 Tourism preference Tourism preference refers to the humans impression based on their characters over the reality. The tourism preference of tourists is influenced by humans personal impression. The tourism preference is decided by personal impression of tourists. Regarding tourism preference, there are three factors to research, including age, occupation and education. 2.3.2 Content of tourism decision Before starting the tourism, the tourists are supposed to make a lot of decisions; any of them will take personal factors and will into consideration besides external factors. For example, they will ask for some suggestions and think about the tourism route and travelling partner. These questions mainly include information channel, decision maker, travelling partners and tourism pattern. 2.3.2.1 Information channel Information channel is the way to obtain and collect the information. With various channel, it is able to obtain the product information, or other users experience of using the products. As the society turns into a information-based ear, the information channel is various, which including networking channel, newspaper, books and magazine, television, internet and tourism institutions and so on. 2.3.2.2 Decision consultant Decision consultant is someone who the tourist will ask for suggestions before starting tourism. Potential tourists will take suggestions into consideration, and then is more likely to ask for others consultation about where to go and how to go. 2.3.2.3 Tourism partners People would like to find partners when go shopping, the same like tourists, many people like to start tourism with partners. According to experts of consumer behavior, they have made further analysis on the relationship between person and his partners in shopping. According to analysis, the shopping partners are intended to provide the suggestions based on their experience on the products and marketing, while the relationship between them is not intimate, such like neighbor, colleague and schoolmates. However, the suggestions might be focusing on the persons characters and personal demand, while relationship between them is intimate, such like family members. Choices from tourism partners are not only a reliable resource, but also the suggestions and advices. 2.3.2.4 Ways of tourism Ways of tourism is focusing on how to reach the destination. In general, there are two ways to travel, first is joining the travelling agency, and another is individual tourism. In this context, it will specify ways of tourism into several aspects, including joining travelling agency, individual tourism depending on maps, companys tourism, communitys tourism, institutions tourism and others. 2.4 The senior travel market 2.4.1 The seniors travel market in oversea For overseas countries, as they started the tourism analysis in an early time, traced from 1980, the understanding towards tourism of the old people is very fruitful (Liu, 2008). It reflects in these aspects: Research on tourism motivation Regarding the research of tourism for the old people, it mainly focuses on tourism motivation and perception. The research has applied many methods, including questionnaire, on-spot survey. The method mainly focuses on the incentive and influential factors. Besides these methods, many other scientific measures have been applied. For example, a survey on the old people in Israel has been made by Aliza Fleischer in 2002. According to the survey, it found that the main influential factors are income and health, also the tourism time is also changing according to age. For the people aged from 55 to 65, they have rising free time and income, which is decisive to the increasing tourism times. For the people aged above 65, as their income and health going down, the tourism time is reducing (Aliza, 2002). Jaesoo et al. (2003) have applied neural network of describing method to estimate the weight of influential factors towards the old peoples tourism. Meanwhile, it applied the non-neural network model to describe the relationship between tourists and tourism products. Anderson and Langmeyer(1982) analyzed the relationship between the old people and tourism. According to survey, tourists aged above 50 prefer tourism or visiting relatives to enjoy themselves. However, tourist aged below 50 prefer out-door activities or other entertainment facility to enjoy themselves Goossens (2000) proposed the model called enjoyment incentive, which is also called model of intention, stimulation and reaction. The model includes the factor of pulling and pushing. Regarding the factor of pushing, it refers to environment, social status, relax and friendship; in respect of the factor of pulling, it refers to the situation of tourism. It emphasized the relationship between pulling and pushing, it considered that these two factors are two sides of a coin, which is closely tied in tourists mind. Crompton and Mckay (1997) pointed out that there are 6 incentives to attend the activities, including experiencing culture, curiosity, return, and balance, social activity with friends, official activity and family activity (Crompton and Mckay, 1997). Research on tourism behavior of the old people Regarding the old people, the research on detailed behavior of tourism is comparatively fewer, mainly focusing on the difference of behavior compared with others. Blazey (1992) has made a research on the relationship of tourism before and after retired, plus the usage of tourism information of the old people. Lewiser Aiken (2001) has pointed out that friendship is a networking, a mental support and a resource of information and entertainment for the old people. Meanwhile, he pointed out that the old people are more reliable to get information from prints, such like newspaper and other magazines. Romsa and Blenman (1989) compared the difference of tourists aged below 50 and above 60 in German; the result is that the tourism time is more flexible for the people aged above 60. Research on tourism market of the old people The research market of the old people played a part in the whole research, mainly focusing on how to attract the old people in tourism market. Charles D ¼Ã… ½Schewe (1985) indicated that the reason to target the old people in tourism market, as they have large potential and sustainable purchasing power. Francis et al. (1988) regarding the rising number of the old people in USA, it trying to find a way to attract them for the tourism industry, and an information channel to help them set up the vacation plan. In general, regarding the tourism behavior of the old people, the features are: the main influential factors are income and health; also time, income, health age will influence the length and time of tourism; the tourism time will be reduce in accordance with the rising age; friendship is an important information resource for tourism; tourism time is flexible; purpose of tourism is for self-enjoyment. 2.4.2 The seniors travel market in China Since 1999, our society became an aged society, the old people was the main part of society, which is also played an important part in the tourism industry. The research of tourism behavior for the old people started from 1990, in this case, the research has been only in the primary step so far. The core of research was the tourism industry of the old people with many results. However, the research of tourism behaviors feature of the old people is very few (Liu, 2008). Research on the old peoples tourism Though the experts have involved in this issue for not a long time, there has some results. Wei (2001) thinks that the tourism incentive of the old people include health, culture, history and recollecting memory. The old people prefer cultural and historical cities, and would like to go travelling with families, friends or fellows. Liu (2005) thinks that the influential factors on the old peoples shopping include friend, culture, economy, mind and heart and commercial environment. According to a research made by Yu (2003), regarding the old people in Jiangxi, they have large demand on health recovery tourism due to the problems in health condition. Their information channel is mainly the traditional advertisement. Their way to go travelling is mainly following the travel agency. They prefer cultural and historical cities and spend less than average level. Wang (1999) argues that the old people are in a pure shopping stage which is very rational and have high requirement on quality of the products than others. Casual consumption and service consumption takes big proportion. According to an analysis regarding the old peoples tourism industry in Taiyuan made by Zhang (2006), the travelling rate is higher for male than female, especially among the people aged from 60-65. The tourism purposes are mainly for sightseeing, self-enjoyment and recollecting memories; the shopping level are middle level, and the tourism time are seldom in peak season. A survey regarding the tourisms of the old people in Shanghai, the rate of tourism is high with moderate time. The purposes of tourism are mainly sightseeing and for health recovery which is very traditional. They spend money very carefully and will choose to follow the travel agency. They prefer transportation of bus and train. The distance of tourism mainly focuses on short or medium long. They prefer natural environment (Hou, Yin and Chen, 2005). Also a survey regarding the old people in Fuzhou, the rate of tourism is divided into two extreme levels, high and low; the spending time of tourism is estimated to reach one week. The purposes of tourism are for sightseeing, health recovery or visiting relatives. They paid much attention on comfort, security and seldom ask for luxury accommodations. The transportation is mainly bus or train. They prefer travelling with partners and fewer will follow the travel agency. Security concern is the main obstacle for tourism (Tang, 2001). According to an analysis regarding the old people of Chongqing in tourism industry, sports tourism has the same purposes with common tourism; the purposes are for health condition, entertainment and health recovery. The information channel is mainly from company and relatives. They prefer individual travelling. The old people held a prudential attitude towards shopping. Male is the majority to attend sports tourism. The rate of tourism is low for people aged above 65 (Yang, 2003). The main research methods are questionnaire and interview. The research of the old peoples tourism behavior focuses on the incentive and preference, travelling method, transportation, information channel and spending cost. The features of the old peoples behavior are based on demography and influential factors of tourism behavior. Research on tourism industry of the old people In the domestic research, the feature of the old peoples tourism market, feasibility and expansion strategy plays a big part. According to Li (2005), regarding the old people, there are 6 features in tourism industry, such like enjoyment and prefer travelling at off-season. Li (2001) has made an analysis on the old peoples feasibility in tourism industry, which including factors of purchasing power, incentive, purpose, time and health condition. Xu and Chen (2001) proposed that it needs to focus on these factors to explore the tourism market of the old people, including research, products strategy, channel strategy and other promotions. The research on the old people in tourism industry is mature, which has reached an agreement on features on the old people in tourism industry, feasibility, and development research and mature strategy. These results are significant to the following research. However, these researches are limited due to lack of on-spot examination (Liu, 2008). In summary, features of the old people in tourism industry are as follows: the purposes are for self-enjoyment, sightseeing and health recovery; natural scenery and historical sites are attractive; travel time is seldom in peak season; health condition is better than before, and is able to attend some not-so-tough tourism; relatives and friends are the main information channel; joining travelling agency is the main way to tourism; prefer the tourism with family, friends and fellows; holding a prudential attitude towards travelling; taking bus and train as the main transportation with high requirements on travelling safety. 2.4.3 Researched the Nanjing seniors travel market Consumers demand will trigger him to shopping and decide his shoppings way. After entering into the old age, a person has changed psychically with rich experiences in life and consumption. Their consumption behavior is different with other ages, which is very specific and characteristic. This special consumption characteristic could be found in tourism motivation, time, manner and destination preference and other relative aspects. Research on behavior of the aged in tourism will contribute to better understanding to their demand and will help the expansion of tourism industry for the aged (Wei, no date supplied). Wei (no date supplied) has researched the Nanjing seniors travel market and analysis several behaviors below: 2.4.3.1 Tourism motivation Nostalgia For the aged, they have a very memorable time in the past. Though after years, they are willing to go back to the place where they have lived, or talk with the old friends to remind the old time. Loneliness Generally the aged have more free time, and most of their sons and daughters live without them. Their sons and daughters are busy at work, has little time to take care parents. What they can do is to visit parents home on weekend and have some small talk. However, for those who work in other cities, they cannot be with their parents. In this case, many old people feel lost and lonely. Therefore, tourism is able to satisfy their life and attract their attention. Increasing knowledge For many old people, they only heard the names of some famous tourism destination, but due to various reasons, there is no chance to go there. Many old people want to go travelling while the health condition and economy allow, they want to feel and know the prospect of the outside world. Health and entertainment The life of old people is focusing on family and health from previous work. They choose to work out through tourism and entertainment, to go to the natures, for more fresh air, or to live in suburb place. Many obedient children will arrange family tourism; some will drive their car and bring parents together to go on a short tourism to peripheral area. In the tourism, the old people will have a lot of fun. Tourism time Due to health limitation, the old people are not willing to go travelling in winter or summer. They prefer spring or autumn, mainly in May, June, September, November (Wang, 2003). Because this period has proper temperature and humidity, it is good for travel, especially for the aged. Due to limited budget and other reasons, generally the old people are not willing to take a long trip, they prefer short or not-long trip. They want to spend a certain time, such like one week. Tourism manner In general, the old people need stability and security in the tourism, and ask for relax, freedom, comfort, and leisure. Most old people will choose to follow travelling agency. For the old people ¼Ã…’their energy is weaker than other young tourists. Also, they want to enjoy their no matter vacation or rest, they want to fully satisfy their demand for fun, and do not want to pay much attention for accommodations. They prefer joining travel agency for the convenience. Tourism destination According to survey, the purpose of tourism of the old people is mainly for the natural prospect. The tourism with purpose of health is more than pure tourism. It signified that due to the health condition, the old people have more demand in healthy tourism. The tourism destination is closely tied with the age of tourism. The elder tourists prefer cultural destination. For the old tourist, they prefer famous mountain scenery and places of interest, especially natural scenery and revolution scenic spot (Qiu, 2006). As people have different taste to their choice, the old people have their own choice in tourism. However, no matter where to go, they will take security and convenience into consideration. In general, they prefer some places with good environment, or famous cultural cities, religion places, and places with folk custom. Also they like the destinations with slow living rhythm, longstanding culture and high status in history. Tourism expense The old tourists are mainly frugal and holding an economical attitude, requiring comfort and security. They ask little about luxury life. Their consumption awareness mainly is practical and economical. Though the consumption price is rising, too higher price will stop their consumption. Meanwhile, the fee is mostly paid by the old peoples children; and they do not want their children to pay a big bill. They prefer economical tourism. According to survey, there are 17% old people are in well-off economy condition with rising demand for tourism, however, another 70% old people who has requirement for tourism but they need the economical one (Liu, 2007). As the old people get retired, they have plenty of time. Generally speaking, the old people are a group who spend longest time in tourism, with an average day of 10.3, which keeps rising (Hu, 2002). As the old people have more time to travel, they will spend more in entertainment and accommodation. Especially they have significant potential in shopping. 2.5 Hypotheses According to Valerie (1997), setting up and testing a hypothesis is an essential part of statistical inference. In order to create a test of a hypothesis, the starting point is to present a theory that is either believed to be true or is intended to be used as the basis for an argument. The aim of using a hypothesis here is to investigate the real perceived impact of the tourism industry in Huairou. Generally speaking, a hypothesis is a type of prediction which will not always turn out to be accurate, depending on the facts of the particular case. So, all of the predictions must be tested and proven (or disproved) using data analysis and/or further investigation. The hypotheses are based on a review of the prior literature, and the hypotheses have two parts.

Chancery in Charles Dickens Bleak House Essay -- essays papers

Chancery in Charles Dickens Bleak House In Charles Dickens Bleak House, Chancery is portrayed as a disease that plagues the Victorian society. Dickens uses the suits and the lawyers of Chancery to display its effects on the whole society. The suits are â€Å"slow, expensive, British, constitutional kind of things† (25) that stifle and bemuse those that come in contact with them. In Ms. Flite’s case, the suit has deteriorated her life. She attends Chancery regularly expecting a judgement that is never to come and yet, she lives a â€Å"pinched† (73) lifestyle, unable to help herself or others. In addition, she cages birds she intends to set free on her judgement day, however, she states, â€Å"I positively doubt sometimes whether while matters are still unsettled I may not one day be found lying stark and senseless here, as I have found so many birds!† (74). Like Miss Flite, the suit has stagnated Robert’s life. Robert, â€Å"So young and handsome, and in all respects so perfectly the opposite of Miss Flite...[is] so dreadfully like her† in his clouded, eager, and seeking mannerism (592...

How Nelson Mandela used Rugby to unify South Africa Essay -- Politics,

After spending twenty-seven years in prison, Nelson Mandela was released from prison on February 11, 1990. In 1991, Nelson Mandela was chosen to become president of the African National Congress. In 1993, Mandela and South African President F.W. de Klerk announced an agreement that the African National Congress and the National Party form a transitional government, effectively ending apartheid and opening the political process to all South Africans (Williamson). Mandela was elected President of South Africa in 1994, and de Klerk became his first deputy. However, even with apartheid abolished, South Africa was still a divided country. Mandela’s legal adviser, Nicholas Haysom, said, â€Å"South Africa in 1994 was a country that was split, historically, culturally, racially, and so many other ways.† Within South Africa, there was a vast division between blacks and whites, and Mandela’s job was to bring them together. One way that Nelson Mandela brought South Africa together was through rugby. While this would seem to be an unlikely way to ease the racial tension, rugby was a crucial piece in the unification of South Africa. While Mandela was serving his time in prison, the international community began to put more pressure on South Africa to release him and end apartheid. To make sure their pressure was felt, opposing nations, especially New Zealand, began violently protesting when the Springboks visited to play (30for30). The Springboks, South Africa’s national rugby team, were banned from rugby in 1981. The ban was intended to affect the white South Africans and give the black South Africans leverage to use in negotiations to end apartheid. In 1992, after Mandela was freed, the African National Congress revoked the ban on rugby... ...any, 1994. Print. Mandela, Nelson. Mandela An Illustrated Autobiography. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1994. Print. Sampson, Anthony. Mandela The Authorized Biography. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knoff, 1999. Print. "Nelson Mandela: inauguration speech (1994)." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 30 Aug. 2011. "Nelson Mandela: speech on his release from prison (1990)." World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 30 Aug. 2011. Taylor, Paul. "Father of His Country." Washington Post (Washington, DC). Feb. 13 1994: Mag. Sec. 10+. SIRS Researcher. Web. 30 Aug 2011. Williams, Michael W. "Nelson Mandela." Great Lives from History: The Twentieth Century. Ed. Robert F. Gorman. 10 vols. Pasadena, California: Salem Press, 2008. Salem History Web. 30 Aug. 2011. Carlin, John. Playing the Enemy. New York: The Penguin Press, 2008. Print.

Challenges And How To Overcome Them Essay

Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible  to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from  easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make  purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have work ed to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess m ore than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a  website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has dev eloped a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online  marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever f orm we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling  snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect  rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creatin g a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not availa ble in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as  an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their  opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online busines s range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a sec ure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible  to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the sourc e of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tail or our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from  easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With res taurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make  purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be de signed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a  website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to fac e or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online  marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever f orm we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling  snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect  rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as  an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their  opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs. Even during the most downtrodden of economic times and perhaps even more during those times, the dream of starting a new business venture burns brightly in many people’s minds. The advantages of having a small online business range from lower start-up costs than brick-and-mortar operations to more streamlined administration. But successfully running an online business is far from easy. The moment a business decides to enter the online world, the very first challenge is creating a reliable website. A good designer can accomplish this, but a high-quality website is more than just visual attraction; it should also function smoothly and be designed for carrying out business. So the first issue that we faced is lack of computer expertise. We needs to possess more than a basic knowledge of the Internet to do business online. Necessary skills include knowing how to set up a website for business purposes and how to market our business online. Instead of this, we had do observation or google searching and read for relevant article or teaching materials either technology resources or visitor engagement resources. Another issue is limitations of business types. Some types of businesses may not be suited for the Internet, particularly those products involve the use of the senses. For example, if the unique selling point of our product is its pleasant aroma. After we decides to selling snacks online we just realise that we are facing this problem. So we decide to sell those famous and top selling Japanese snack for example our main products – Kit Kat, although it is not Japanese. However, Kit Kat is consistently one of the top selling chocolate bars in Japan and because of Kit Kat in Japan has many varieties not available in other countries. We also will inform our customers that Kit Kat Japan has developed a new chocolate bar that can be eaten as is, or baked. It has been introduced as an oven bake version of its famous Kit Kat bar Instead of melting into a messy puddle of chocolate sauce and wafer bits, after two minutes in the oven the candy bar will bake into a crispy cookie. With restaurants in the country quick to use the two-finger chocolate snack in new pizza recipes. So we encourage our customers to have a try on it. While another is about privacy and security concerns. Even if we take precautions such as setting up a secure payment page for customer purchases, we still may be susceptible  to unscrupulous individuals who hack our system and steal our customers’ private information. This can be used to drain our customers’ bank accounts or steal their identities. So we may not be able to do business with prospects who don’t trust making purchases online. Because of this, we provide face to face or deliver personally service to our customers to overcome this problems. Furthermore, we generating high traffic but low sales. We consider have a large online following, but few customers who make purchases. To overcome this issue, we may need to fine-tune our efforts. We start by evaluating our goals. Others than that, we want visitors to our page or blog to call us, we had list the phone number in an easy-to-spot place. After the website comes its content, and it should be valuable content, the kind that will attract readers and internet users interested in our services or products. Content marketing is all the rage. But everything online is some form of content or another. That means all online marketing is content marketing. And that’s the source of a big problem. Much of this effort is based on some big assumptions that may are largely wrong. Maybe no one reads what we write or no one reads what we share. We need to have specific and meaningful content. What we need is to engage people, not just catch their eye for a moment. So, whatever form we use, we make sure speak to the right audience and provide something with substance. Be real with people. We are better off gaining a prospect’s or customer’s respect rather than tricking them into doing business with us. Giving respect helps gain it and give something meaningful. We are also struggling with stale content. We have worked to create a beautiful Facebook page or blog design but don’t post new information on a regular basis, potential customers may click elsewhere. We don’t have time to keep content fresh. So we decide another way to keep content fresh is to include readers. So we try posting open-ended questions or comments and asking the audience to share their opinions or thoughts. By getting to know our followers, we will be able to tailor our next sales offer to customer interests and needs.